Wrocław 2023-02-23
SU45-089.
HCP type 301D series SP45 / SU45.
In 1967, the HCP factory in Poznań built a prototype of the 301D series SP45 / SU45 locomotive. In the period 1967-1976, 270 units were built. Initially, in PKP, the locomotives were designated SP45 (diesel passenger). Changes made to the locomotives resulted in a change of designation to SU45. The locomotives operated on non-electrified routes with passenger and freight trains. The locomotives were slangly called FIAT due to the origin of the engine.
T-T data of the HCP 301D locomotive: Axle arrangement Co’Co’. Length 18.90 m. Width 2.90 m. Height 4.24 m. Service weight 102,000 kg. Wheel diameter 1.10 m. FIAT 2112SSF diesel engine, with a power of 1,750 HP (1,250 kW). Fuel tank capacity 3,200 – 3,500 liters. Design speed 120 km/h. Electric transmission. Multiple control. Engine oil consumption is 36 liters per hour, while fuel consumption is 223 g/kWh (164 g/KMh).
Both engines and main generators for the new locomotive were to be manufactured in Poland. In 1967, the first prototype of the HCP 301D locomotive was built, which was equipped with a Polish 12C22W engine, 12-cylinder, with a power of 1,520 HP. The engine was developed by Polish engineers, based on a smaller a8C22 engine, which powers SM42 series locomotives. The engine required refinement, which could take several years. Therefore, a license for the FIAT 2112SSF engine was purchased and its production was undertaken in Poland at HCP. The 2112SSF engine is a high-pressure, turbocharged, 12-cylinder, four-stroke, capacity 95,600 cm3, compression ratio 11.3, power 1,750 HP, at 1,500 rpm.
During the tests, the HCP factory introduced many changes and corrections. During production, the corrugation of the locomotive body cover was introduced. The heating system of the passenger cars was of the steam type. At that time, most passenger cars had this type of heating. Therefore, a steam boiler was installed in the locomotive, which was powered by diesel oil. Steam boilers were purchased abroad. In 1987, in connection with the introduction of passenger cars with electric heating in PKP, an electrical system was introduced for heating the cars with electricity at a voltage of 3,000 V. The SU45 locomotive was equipped with a heating generator of the LCPb-400 type manufactured by the DOLMEL plant in Wrocław. The negative effect of this change was a deterioration in the performance of the SU45 locomotive, because the switched on heating drew 400 kW of power from the combustion engine. A total of 191 units were rebuilt. The works were carried out in the period 1988 – 1997. The SP45 / SU45 locomotives, in which the heating was not modernized and the steam boiler was left, were scrapped or sold in 1999. SU45 design. The locomotive has a Co’Co’ axle arrangement. The locomotive body is self-supporting. Driver’s cabs are mounted at the ends of the body. In the middle compartment there is a 12-cylinder, four-stroke, diesel combustion engine 2112SSF with a supercharger together with the main generator GP-846B1 manufactured by DOLMEL Wrocław, under license from Alstom. The generator serves as a starter. Other equipment includes: air compressor, oil tanks, cooling unit, generator for heating cars LCPb-400 with a power of 495 kW. Six traction motors of the LSm-493 or LSa-430 type, drive each axle of the locomotive. The motors are suspended in a tram system (“by the nose”). Between the locomotive bogies there are compartments containing batteries and water and fuel tanks (with a capacity of 3,500 liters).
Traction motors of the LSm-493 type: Nominal voltage 725 V. Maximum voltage 850 V. Power 216 kW. Nominal speed 553 rpm. Maximum speed 2,260 rpm. Engine weight 2,350 kg.
It is worth knowing that there were 3 export copies of the 301Dc type locomotives for CEL (Chemins de fer l’Etat Libanais – Lebanese Railways), initially designated as 301Dc-225L – 227L (the numbering resulted from the order of the HCP locomotive factory numbers). Ultimately, in accordance with the recipient’s wishes, the locomotives were marked: No. 1201, 1202, 1203.
Locomotive SU45-089.
Locomotive SU45-089, Factory No. 301Db-091, EVN No.: 92 51 5 630 065-7 (PL-PREG). Initially, the locomotive was marked SP45-089. The locomotive was built in 1973. Initially, the locomotive worked in DM Lublin. The locomotive worked mainly with passenger trains. It ran on routes to stations; Łuków, Parczew, Kraśnik, Stalowa Wola, Krasnystaw, Zamość, Hrubieszów, Zwierzyniec, Jarosław. In the 90s, the locomotive also serviced freight trains, for example to KWK Bogdanka. In 2001, the locomotive was taken over by PKP Cargo. In 2008, the locomotive went to the Przewozy Regionalne company. It was assigned to Gdynia and then to Poznań. It was also temporarily in Warsaw (2013). In the period 2014-2016, the locomotive pulled several special trains. In 2016, the locomotive exhausted its service life and was waiting for repairs. In 2018, it was decided not to repair the locomotive and it was written off. The locomotive was purchased by ALS Stary Sącz. In 2021, the vehicle was temporarily transferred to the Railway Enthusiasts’ Club in Wrocław. The locomotive stands together with other locomotives and freight cars on the tracks next to the Wrocław locomotive depot. The Railway Enthusiasts’ Club in Wrocław has been operating since 1991, but without a specific location. To date, the Club’s collection includes 17 locomotives and over 100 different types of cars. Currently, all exhibits are stationed on rented tracks.
Written by Karol Placha Hetman